Q&A - Rebecca Callahan, Spherion - The Global Boom in Recruitment Process Outsourcing

Q: Firstly, Rebecca, let's start from the beginning: whatbe in the next few years?
is recruitment process outsourcing (RPO) and howA: Like I said, it's in validation mode. There's a lot of
does it differ from traditional recruitment via andifferent numbers that validate the size of the market
agency?anywhere from $350 million to half a billion dollars;
A: I would say there are varying definitions. When weanywhere from forty per cent to eighty per cent
define the recruitment process of outsourcing, it isgrowth annually, so that gives you an idea of how it is
taking your internal recruiting processes andstill being defined. I will tell you that with those numbers,
outsourcing them to one vendor, and you even do thatthe low end of that range is too low; it's probably
across multiple skill sets or potentially a specific skill set.somewhere in the middle range: that will tell you for an
The key difference between a recruitment agencyearly-stage market, it's considerably fast-growing. I
and RPO, is when you choose to outsource yourthink the job-growth overseas and the lack of skilled
recruiting, you have done that across the typicallyworkers in the US covering the retired baby boomers
across that entire value chain. So, whether it's from theare going to draw more attention to outsourcing in the
very beginning when it's sourcing and screening, right allnext twenty four months.
of the way to onboarding and all the pieces and partsQ: Which industries are most active in RPO at the
in between, that is outsourcing a process - and themoment?
provider will typically make improvements on yourA: Insurance, hi-tech, finance. The skill-sets that are the
process, they will make investments in technology tomost active are IT and engineers, I would say across
help you validate and manage that process.all industries; I would say anything IT- or
The provider also brings contractual obligations withengineering-related is very popular. Followed by nurses
service level agreements, so whether it' s a diverse- in the US anyway, because there's a shortage - and
slate of candidates, or it's time to fill or it's reduction topharmacy.
turnover, etcetera, there are a variety of things thatQ: To what extent can RPO be offshored, and is this
we bring contractually to manage that. And wehappening?
typically don't work on a percentage salary; weA: It is starting to happen. I think all of the providers in
typically work on a cost-per-hire basis and/or athe US are looking to take advantage of what's
management fee in combination with that. But the keyhappening in different parts of the market, but there is
difference when you talk about a traditional recruitmentnot one RPO company that has full-scale operations
agency, they are typically finding you one or twoacross the globe. I think you will see some
positions, and they are bringing you a candidate andconsolidation in the market to take advantage of that,
charging you a percentage salary. All they're reallyand you'll see a lot of partnering coming up here.
doing is bringing you a candidate, or multiple candidatesQ: Is there a basic point of company size where RPO
if you have given them multiple positions. They're notbecomes uneconomical?
handling the entire process beginning to end.A: If people are looking to hire less than fifty people,
Q: And you would expect your clients, basically, to giveeven less than a hundred people annually it may not
you all of their recruitment - to fill all their vacantbe economical, but it really depends on the complexity
positions?of your skills sets. If you are having difficulty finding
A: Typically clients give us all of their skills - and wechemical engineers and you rely on generating
have a lot of customers where we have their entirerevenue, whether you need 50 or 300, that could have
skills of the enterprise - or they give us specific skills.a significant impact to your business.
For example, they may choose to give us all of theirQ: Isn't there a danger that companies using RPO lose
sales reps, because it's a big pharmaceutical companya degree of control or independence? What's your
and they hire three thousand of them a year, and theyaccountability?
feel that that capability is best outsourced.A: There are the service level agreements that we
Q: So you need people within your organization whoagree to contractually; that's why it's rarely just a
understand - in this example - the pharma business;couple of positions, it's typically more than fifty and we
you need enough people who comprehend and areare contractually obligated to fill the role, so we may
familiar with the industry. Is it the case that if you as adecide in advance with you that you need the positions
company don't feel comfortable within that industryin fifty days, or once you give us the requisition we
you simply won't offer such positions?have fifty days to fill it. If we don't, there are typically
A: Potentially; if it's clinical for example and you'vepenalties associated with that not happening.
come to our organization and asked us to recruitI do think by the way that it is a valid concern - that
nurses, well given the time to find nursing recruiters andclients believe that they may lose control - but most of
to understand those potential certifications etcetera,our clients have found they actually have more control
we can't gather the expertise in a short enough timebecause they have more control over resources:
frame to do a really good job for the customer, so webeing able to scale them up and down as necessary
wouldn't specialise there and we have partners andversus their old model. Their old model may just have
other vendors that do.had two or three or four recruiters in their office and
We have over five hundred - probably closer to sixthen all of a sudden they realise, based on business
hundred - recruiters, and the reality is that across thatneeds, they have to wrap three hundred sales people.
skill-base of recruiters we have purposely recruited forThey are out of control in that example because they
a multitude of skill sets, whether that's pharma, IT,don't have the method to do that; we do. One of the
insurance, or finance. We look at a recruiting base inkey reasons that folks decide to do outsource
two ways, horizontally and vertically; so we'd look atrecruiting is to take advantage of that ability to scale it
industry experience, then experience within a specificup and down. They have more control.
skill. And then we acquire those skill sets; we mayQ: Is there also a potential problem with confidentiality
have them do something else if we don't have the(ie, RPO providers might have access to psychometric
customer base that is associated with those skills yet,details etc of high-level employees) and is there
or we'll use them as those customers come.legislation in place to prevent this problem arising? It
Q: How long have you guys been in the business?seems that there could potentially be a problem, and
A: Spherion have been in the recruiting business foryou'd have to be far more confident outsourcing this
over sixty years, we have had the outsource recruitingthan you would taking people on to be internal
division for six years. We are a $2.5-billion publiclyrecruiters, wouldn't you?
traded company, and we're really made up of fiveA: Yes... This doesn't actually come up too often, but
divisions that support staffing and recruiting, whetherwe do have one client that has some fairly high-level
that is commercial staffing, IT staffing, traditionalpositions in which we are gathering some confidential
recruitment agency, recruitment outsourcing ordata up-front. There's a couple of points here. One is,
high-end office professionals. I think our greatestwhen we act as the outsource provider, one of the
success as a division is the list of compelling brandskey differences between us and a recruitment agency
that we have had in an early-stage market; we haveis that we do not own the candidate. The candidates
large Fortune 500 clients who have outsourced all ofare owned by the client; we may bring the technology
their recruiting to us, in really what is considered anbut we operate on a database that ultimately belongs
early stage market. So to be able to have thatto a client. So we may have access to it, but we don't
confidence, not only in us, but in the value proposition,own that data: that is a key issue.
and leading that in the industry, I think that is prettyThe other point is that typically when we have
compelling.higher-level-type positions where the confidentiality is
Q: How do you find potential candidates - how do youreally key - and this is true for a lot of clients - we
market your services?have some subset of dedicated resources so the
A: A few ways: we do try traditional marketing, and ininformation is not available to the masses. If you're in
fact being a market leader, we're involved in the RPOan account that has a dedicated team associated with
Alliance Board and a lot of other things that sort ofit, then they are the only six people that are going to
drive what is going on in the market place, and as asee the data. We provide all of the possible checks,
result of that we're well known in the industry andbackground, we have them sign NDAs etcetera, so
customers call us. There's not a lot of players here;we don't open the data to the masses.
we're one of the largest, if not the largest, so there'sQ: And is there any legislation in place, or is this a new
clearly some assistance there. We have a full salessubject?
organization that targets clients both by vertical, and byA: Not really, there isn't; this is always a problem. Even
skill-sets from time to time; and then we do all of theas you use independent agencies, particular in a very
traditional marketing as well, whether thosehigh-end firm that is potentially looking for a higher-end
advertisements or conferences or our own topcandidate, you have always had that problem. Which
leadership trying to educate the market on the industry.really today is protected by non-disclosures.
So we really run the gamut on all of those things. WeQ: How do you feel about operating in, let's say, India,
can also go to a client making recommendations onChina and maybe the Philippines, what precautions
how to proceed and then build an offering for them.would you be taking to ensure the integrity of your
We really customise the solution client by client, justdata - and your client's data?
because some of our clients tend to be so large that aA: We primarily operate with partners in these
traditional model may not work.overseas markets, because the laws vary so greatly
Q: Let's broaden things a little: what's driving yourcountry by country, whether it's a privacy protection
industry right now?law, or a law of how you handle the candidate. So,
A: On the whole, it's clear in the US that there is a skillsrather than trying to enter a market and trying to
shortage; the baby boomers are retiring and areunderstand those legal issues, we may actually
leaving a gap of skilled workers. Then there's theoperate with a partner who is specific to that country
growth in particular verticals in IT, healthcare nurseswho understands those rules and regulations.
and pharmaceuticals. That's driving a lot of the marketQ: So they would have signed up to the same
clearly in the United States. In the global markets asagreements as you at Spherion?
we start to see the RPO landscape grow - and it isA: They would sign up to the same agreements as us
dynamic - I think we would still tell you that it is still in- the overall SLAs around the contractual obligation
validation mode, as people really start to understandtime to fill, technology and what have you - but when it
the value of the proposition and collate the reasons tocomes down to recruiting in that specific country, we
use RPO. A lot of US job growth is taking placeactually have them handle the specifics because they
overseas, and it's all about how do I attract thoseunderstand the law. We actually contractually obligate
workers and get my hands on that talent; and it'sourselves to those, but with the assistance of our
becoming one of the key drivers.partners so we don't go misrepresenting.
Q: How popular is RPO, and how popular is it going to